Facet Joints

The facet joints are the joint structures that connect the vertebrae to one another.  The facet joint is like any other joint in your body—they have cartilage that line the joint, (this allows the bone to glide smoothly over one another) and a capsule surrounding the joint. 

 The function of the facet joint is to provide support, stability, and mobility to the vertebrae (spine).  Facet disease occurs when there is degeneration of the facet joint.

There are two facet joints between each vertebra.  They are located on each side of the vertebrae.  Facet disease can occur at any level of the spine, but are most common in the lumbar region.

There are a number of terms that are used to diagnose facet problems:

*Facet Arthritis

*Facet Joint Syndrome

*Facet disease

*Facet Hypertrophy

*Degenerative Facet Joints

In general, all of the terms mean pretty much the same thing—arthritis or degeneration of the facet joint. 

Facet disease is caused by the cartilage in the joints being worn down as a result of wear and tear, aging, injury or misuse.  This type of injury to the spine can be attributed to arthritis of the spine, work, over-use or an accident.  Another cause of facet disease is spondylolithesis, which is when one vertebra slips forward in relation to an adjacent vertebra.